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| DT | CT | NCT |
| May be Arminian or modified Calvinist. Almost never five-point Calvinist. | Always Calvinist. Usually five-point Calvinist. | Same as CT. |
| Usually does not accept the idea of the 'Analogy of Faith.' | Accepts the idea of the 'Analogy of Faith' (allowing Scripture to interpret Scripture) The Baptist Confession, Article 1.9: The infallible rule for the interpretation of Scripture is Scripture itself. Therefore, when there is a question about the true and full sense of any [part of] Scripture (which is not a miscellany, but a unity) it must be understood in the light of other passages that speak more clearly. | Same as CT. |
| 'Israel' always means the literal, physical descendants of Jacob. | Depending on the context, 'Israel' may mean either physical descendants of Jacob, or “spiritual Israel” (who are people with faith in Christ like Abraham). | Same as CT. |
| 'Israel of God' in Galatians 6:16 means physical Israel alone. | 'Israel of God' in Galatians 6:16 means spiritual Israel, parallel to Galatians 3:29; Romans 2:28-29; 9:6; Philippians 3:3. | Same as CT. |
| God has 2 peoples with 2 separate destinies: Israel (earthly) and the Church (heavenly). | God always had only one people, the Church who gradually developed through the ages, in accordance with a Covenant worked out in eternity past between the "Three Persons of the Godhead." (The Cov. of Redemption) | NCT doesn't recognize a Church in the OT, such as in the NT. So, the Church is the "New Israel." |
| The Church was born at Pentecost. | The Church began in the OT with the OT covenants and reached fulfillment in the NT with the New Covenant. God has one family, one church, one flock, one baptism, one way of salvation whether before the Cross or after – by grace alone through faith alone in Christ alone. | Same as DT. |
| The Church was not prophesied as such in the OT but was a "mystery", hidden until the NT. | There are many OT prophecies of the NT Church. | Same as CT. |
| All OT prophecies for 'Israel' are for the physical nation of Israel, not the Church. | Some OT prophecies are for national Israel, others for spiritual Israel based on context. | Same as CT. |
| God's main purpose in history is national physical Israel. | God's main purpose is His own glory, which is revealed in Christ and then through the Body of Christ – the New Covenant Church. | Same as CT with one exception, seeing the saints of the OT as being added to the church after it's built. |
| The Church is a parenthesis in God's program for the ages. | The Church is the culmination of God's saving purpose for the ages. | Same as CT. |
| The main heir to Abraham's covenant was Isaac and literal Israel. | The main heir to Abraham's covenant was Christ, the Seed, and spiritual Israel which is "in Christ" (Galatians 3:16). | Same as CT |
| God's program in history is mainly through separate dispensations. | God's program is history is mainly through related covenants, but all those covenants were derived from the eternal covenant that the Trinity made in eternity, the Covenant of Redemption. | Same as CT, except believes the NC completely replaces the OC because they were all realized in Christ. |
| Most teach that men in the OT were saved by faith in a revelation peculiar to their Dispensation. | All men who have ever been saved have been saved by faith in Christ as their sin-bearer, which has been progressively revealed in every age. | Most are same as CT. |
| The Holy Spirit indwells only believers in the Dispensation of Grace, not OT and not after the "Secret Rapture." | The Holy Spirit has indwelt believers in all ages, and He indwells the Body of Christ in a special way in the present NT era as an anointing upon the Church for ministry from the glorified Head of the Church who is established on the Throne in heaven, and the Spirit will not be withdrawn from God’s people. | Various views |
| Jesus made an offer of the physical Kingdom to Israel; since Israel rejected it, it is postponed. | Jesus made only an offer of the spiritual Kingdom, which was rejected by literal Israel but has been accepted by spiritual Israel who are Jews and Gentiles who believe in Christ (Galatians 3:29). | Same as CT. |
| OT believers were not 'in Christ,' nor part of the Body or Bride of Christ even now. | Believers in all ages are all 'in Christ' and part of the Body and Bride of Christ now. | Same as CT. |
| OT laws are no longer in effect unless repeated in the NT. | OT laws are still in effect unless abrogated in the NT. | Same as DT. |
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